$sqrt (aggregation)¶

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Definition
Behavior
Example

Definition¶

$sqrt¶

New in version 3.2.

Calculates the square root of a positive number and returns the result as a double.

$sqrt has the following syntax:

{ $sqrt: <number> }

The argument can be any valid expression as long as it resolves to a non-negative number. For more information on expressions, see Expressions.

Behavior¶

If the argument resolves to a value of null or refers to a field that is missing, $sqrt returns null. If the argument resolves to NaN, $sqrt returns NaN.

$sqrt errors on negative numbers.

Example	Results
`{ $sqrt: 25 }`	`5`
`{ $sqrt: 30 }`	`5.477225575051661`
`{ $sqrt: null }`	`null`

Example¶

A collection points contains the following documents:

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{ _id: 1, p1: { x: 5, y: 8 }, p2: { x: 0, y: 5} }
{ _id: 2, p1: { x: -2, y: 1 }, p2: { x: 1, y: 5} }
{ _id: 3, p1: { x: 4, y: 4 }, p2: { x: 4, y: 0} }

The following example uses $sqrt to calculate the distance between p1 and p2:

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db.points.aggregate([
   {
     $project: {
        distance: {
           $sqrt: {
               $add: [
                  { $pow: [ { $subtract: [ "$p2.y", "$p1.y" ] }, 2 ] },
                  { $pow: [ { $subtract: [ "$p2.x", "$p1.x" ] }, 2 ] }
               ]
           }
        }
     }
   }
])

The operation returns the following results:

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{ "_id" : 1, "distance" : 5.830951894845301 }
{ "_id" : 2, "distance" : 5 }
{ "_id" : 3, "distance" : 4 }

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